Venezuelan artist Jesús-Rafael Soto trained in Caracas. Soto moved Paris in the early 1950s and together with such artists as Yaacov Agam, Jean Tinguely and Victor Vasarely, he became a member of the young avant-garde. The incorporation of movement and the physical engagement of the viewer in his art works established Soto as a leading figure in kinetic art. Soto exhibited internationally from the 1970s. The Jesús Soto Museum of Modern Art opened in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela, in 1973.